Computer systems.
Modern industrial and commercial practice · Technical principles
Revision notes
Components sourced from specialist external suppliers.
Reasons for use:
Use of computer systems in manufacture
Planning and control software schedules production.
Barcodes and RFID track stock and components.
EPOS systems record sales and trigger re-ordering.
CIM integrates design, manufacture, distribution and storage.
Example: These systems are used in automated warehouses with AGVs and in retail environments where EPOS systems trigger automatic restocking.
Standardised and bought-in components
Standardised components
Manufactured to common, interchangeable standards.
Ensure compatibility and ease of replacement.
Example: Standardised components include ISO-standard screws and bolts and light bulbs and fittings, which can be easily replaced or interchanged.
Bought-in components
lower unit cost
access to specialist expertise
consistent quality
availability of supplier CAD models
Example: Bought-in components commonly include electric motors, batteries, and audio connectors, which are integrated into products without being manufactured in-house.
Exam practice from my notes
21 Explain how computer systems have assisted designers’ ability to develop products collaboratively. [6]
Computer systems have significantly improved collaborative product development by allowing designers to work together in real time, even when located in different countries. Cloud-based CAD software such as Onshape allows multiple designers to access and edit the same design simultaneously, improving communication and reducing delays.
Cloud storage systems also allow files and data to be shared instantly. Designers can upload CAD models, technical drawings and prototypes to shared servers so team members can access the latest versions at any time. This reduces the risk of outdated files being used and improves version control.
Video conferencing platforms such as Microsoft Teams and Zoom allow designers, engineers and manufacturers to communicate easily through virtual meetings. Teams can discuss changes, present concepts and solve design problems without needing to meet physically, reducing travel costs and speeding up development.
Modern computer systems also improve communication speed and reliability through high-speed fibre networking and internet services. Large CAD files, renders and simulations can be transferred quickly between global teams.
Collaborative software tools allow comments, annotations and mark-ups directly on designs, helping teams provide immediate feedback and improve designs efficiently. This speeds up iteration and allows products to be refined faster.
Computer simulation and virtual prototyping also allow multiple specialists to test and analyse products together before physical manufacture, reducing development costs and improving product quality.
Think you have got this topic?
Test yourself before moving on, or use flashcards for a quick recall session.