CAM.
Digital design and manufacture · Technical principles
Revision notes
Computer aided manufacture (CAM)
CAM uses digital design data to control manufacturing machinery, most commonly CNC machines.
CAM processes
CAD files are converted into CNC control programs
Machine parameters such as feed rate, cutter speed, and tool paths are set automatically
Enables efficient one-off and small-batch production
CNC manufacturing processes
Laser cutting
Uses high-energy laser beams to cut or engrave materials
Compressed gas removes waste to produce clean edges
Operates mainly on X and Y axes
Routing
High-speed cutters machine sheet materials such as MDF
Can machine simple 3D forms using X, Y, and Z axes
Workpiece is fixed to the machine bed
Milling
More rigid machines suitable for metal cutting
Multiple axes allow complex surfaces and features
Enclosed for safety; coolant improves tool life and surface finish
Turning
Produces cylindrical parts from bar stock
Automatically changes tools, often using tungsten carbide tips
Commonly integrated into flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)
Plotter cutting
Cuts compliant materials such as vinyl
Uses X-Y coordinate paths from 2D CAD files
Commonly used for graphics and signage
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